The framework Web Bundle includes pre-configured router components. To install router in alternative builds:
$ composer require spiral/router
And activate its bootloader:
[
//...
Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RouterBootloader::class,
]
The default web application bundle allows you to call any controller action located in App\Controller
namespace using
/<controller>/<action>
pattern. See below how to alter this behaviour.
Your controllers must have
Controller
suffix.
The component does not require any external configuration. You can create new routing via Spiral\Router\RouterInterface
in your bootloader. We can start with simple /
handler:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute(
'home', // route name
new Route(
'/', // pattern
function () { return 'hello world'; } // handler
)
);
}
}
The Route class can accept a handler of type
Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface
, closure, invokable class, orSpiral\Router\TargetInterface
. Simply pass a class or a binding name instead of a real object if you want it to be constructed on demand.
It is possible to pass the closure
as route handler, in this case our function will receive two
arguments: Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface
and Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface
.
router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/<name>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
$response->getBody()->write("hello world");
return $response;
}
));
You can use route pattern to specify any number of required and optional parameters, these parameters will later be passed
to our route handler via ServerRequestInterface
attribute route
.
Use the <parameter_name:pattern>
form to define a route parameter, where pattern is a regexp friendly expression. You can
omit pattern and just use <parameter_name>
, in this case the parameter will match [^\/]+
.
We can add a simple parameter name
:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/<name>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches(); // returns JSON ['name' => '']
}
));
}
}
Use []
to make a part of route (including the parameters) optional, for example:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/[<name>]',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
This route will match
/
, the name parameter will benull
.
You can specify any number of parameters and make some of them optional, for example we can match URLs like /group/user
,
where user
is optional:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/<group>[/<user>]',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
You can specify default parameter value using third route argument:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/<group>[/<user>]',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
},
[
'user' => 'default'
]
));
Use <parameter:pattern>
to specify parameter pattern:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/user/<id:\d+>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
This route will only match urls with numeric
id
.
You can also specify multiple pre-defined options:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'/do/<action:login|logout>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
This route will only match
/do/login
and/do/logout
.
To match the domain or sub-domain name, prefix your pattern with //
:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'//<host>/',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
To match sub-domain:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'//<sub>.domain.com/',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
You can combine host and path matching:
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
'//<sub>.domain.com/[<action>]',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
));
All route objects are immutable by design, you can not change their state after creation, but only make a copy with new values. To set default route parameters outside constructor:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$route = new Route('/[<action>]', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
});
$router->setRoute('home', $route->withDefaults([
'action' => 'default'
]));
}
}
Use withVerbs
method to match routes with only certain HTTP verbs:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$route = new Route('/[<action>]', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
});
$router->setRoute('get.route',
$route->withVerbs('GET')->withDefaults(['action' => 'GET'])
);
$router->setRoute(
'post.route',
$route->withVerbs('POST', 'PUT')->withDefaults(['action' => 'POST'])
);
}
}
To associate route specific middleware use withMiddleware
, you can access route parameters via route
attribute
of the request object:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use App\Middleware\ParamWatcher;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$route = new Route('/<param>', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
});
$router->setRoute('home', $route->withMiddleware(
ParamWatcher::class
));
}
}
where ParamWatcher
is:
namespace App\Middleware;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface as Request;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Spiral\Http\Exception\ClientException\UnauthorizedException;
use Spiral\Router\RouteInterface;
class ParamWatcher implements MiddlewareInterface
{
public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
{
/** @var RouteInterface $route */
$route = $request->getAttribute('route');
if ($route->getMatches()['param'] === 'forbidden') {
throw new UnauthorizedException();
}
return $handler->handle($request);
}
}
This route will trigger Unauthorized exception on /forbidden
.
You can add as many middlewares as you want.
Router will match all routes in the order they were registered. Make sure to avoid situations where previous route matches the conditions of the following routes.
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/<param>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
)
);
// this route will never trigger
$router->setRoute(
'hello',
new Route('/hello',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
)
);
Spiral Router provides the ability to specify default/fallback route. This route will always be invoked after every other route and check for matching to it's pattern.
E.g: there's no need to define the route for every controller and action if you set up default routing like so:
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/<param>',
function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response) {
return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
}
)
);
$router->setDefault(new Route('/', function () {
return 'default';
}));
See below, how to effectively use default route to quickly scaffold applications.
The most effective way to use router is to target routes to the controllers and their actions. To demonstrate all the
capabilities, we will need multiple controllers in App\Controller
namespace:
namespace App\Controller;
class HomeController
{
public function index(): string
{
return 'index';
}
public function other(): string
{
return 'other';
}
public function user(int $id): string
{
return "hello {$id}";
}
}
Create a second controller using scaffolding php ./app.php create:controller demo -a test
:
namespace App\Controller;
class DemoController
{
public function test(): string
{
return 'demo test';
}
}
To point your route to the controller action specify route handler as Spiral\Router\Target\Action
:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Action;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute(
'index',
new Route('/index', new Action(HomeController::class, 'index'))
);
}
}
You can combine this target with required or optional parameter, the parameter will be amiable as method injection to the desired target:
$router->setRoute(
'user',
new Route('/user/<id:\d+>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'user'))
);
We can point route to more than one controller action at the same time, in order to do that we have to define the
parameter <action>
in our route pattern. Since one of the methods require <id>
parameter, we can make it optional:
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/<action>[/<id>]', new Action(HomeController::class, ['index', 'user']))
);
This route will match both
/index
and/user/1
paths.
Behind the hood, the route will compile into expression which is aware of action constrains /^(?P<action>index|user)(?:\/(?P<id>[^\/]+))?$/iu
.
Such approach would not only allow you to increase the performance, but also reuse the same pattern with different action set.
// match "/index"
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/<action>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'index'))
);
// match "/other"
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/<action>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'other'))
);
// match "/test"
$router->setRoute(
'demo',
new Route('/<action>', new Action(DemoController::class, 'test'))
);
You point your route to all of the controller actions at once using Spiral\Router\Target\Controller
. This target
requires <action>
parameter to be defined (unless default is forced).
namespace App\Bootloader;
use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Controller;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/home/<action>[/<id>]', new Controller(HomeController::class))
);
}
}
Route matches
/home/index
,/home/other
and/home/user/1
.
Combine this target with defaults to make your urls shorter.
$router->setRoute(
'home',
(new Route('/home[/<action>[/<id>]]', new Controller(HomeController::class)))
->withDefaults(['action' => 'index'])
);
This route will match
/home
withaction=index
. Note, you must extend optional path segments[]
till the end of the route pattern.
In some cases you might want to route to the set of controllers located in a same namespace. Use target Spiral\Router\Target\Namespaced
for this purposes. This target will require route parameters <controller>
and <action>
(unless default is forced).
You can specify target namespace and controller class postfix:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Namespaced;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute('app', new Route(
'/<controller>/<action>',
new Namespaced('App\Controller', 'Controller')
));
}
}
This route will match
/home/index
,/home/other
and/demo/test
.
You can make all the parameters optional and set the default values:
$router->setRoute('app',
(new Route(
'[/<controller>[/<action>]]',
new Namespaced('App\Controller', 'Controller')
))->withDefaults([
'controller' => 'home',
'action' => 'index'
])
);
This route will match
/
(home->index),/home
(home->index),/home/index
,/home/other
and/demo/test
. The/demo
will trigger not-found error asDemoController
does not defines methodindex
.
The default web-application bundle sets this route as default.
You don't need to create route for any of the controllers added to App\Contoller
, simply use /controller/action
urls
to access needed method. If no action is specified the index
will be used by default. The routing will be made to
the public methods only.
You can turn the default route off once the development is over.
The alternative is to specify controller names manually without common namespace. Use target
Spiral\Router\Target\Group
. Target requires <controller>
and <action>
parameters to be defined (unless default is forced).
namespace App\Bootloader;
use App\Controller\DemoController;
use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Group;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$router->setRoute('app', new Route('/<controller>/<action>', new Group([
'home' => HomeController::class,
'demo' => DemoController::class
])));
}
}
Such approach is useful when you want to assemble multiple modules under one path (i.e. admin panels).
All of the route targets listed above support third argument which specifies the method selection behaviour. Set this
parameter as TargetInterface::RESTFUL
to automatically prefix all the methods with HTTP verb.
For example we can use the following controller:
namespace App\Controller;
class UserController
{
public function getUser(int $id): string
{
return "get {$id}";
}
public function postUser(int $id): string
{
return "post {$id}";
}
public function deleteUser(int $id): string
{
return "delete {$id}";
}
}
And route to it:
$router->setRoute('user', new Route(
'/user/<id:\d+>',
new Controller(UserController::class, Controller::RESTFUL),
['action' => 'user']
));
Invoking
/user/1
with different HTTP methods will call different controller methods. Note, you still need to specify the action name.
Another way to define RESTful or similar routing to multiple controllers is to share common target with different routes. Such approach will allow you to define your own controller style.
For example we can route different HTTP verbs to the following controller(s):
namespace App\Controller;
class UserController
{
public function load(int $id): string
{
return "get {$id}";
}
public function store(int $id): string
{
return "post {$id}";
}
public function delete(int $id): string
{
return "delete {$id}";
}
}
Let's create an API that will look like GET|POST|DELETE /v1/<controller>
and point to corresponding controller(s)
methods.
Our base route will look like:
$resource = new Route('/v1/<controller>', new Group([
'user' => UserController::class,
]));
We can register it with different HTTP verbs and action values:
namespace App\Bootloader;
use App\Controller\UserController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Group;
class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
public function boot(RouterInterface $router)
{
$resource = new Route('/v1/<controller>/<id>', new Group([
'user' => UserController::class,
]));
$router->setRoute(
'resource.get',
$resource->withVerbs('GET')->withDefaults(['action' => 'load'])
);
$router->setRoute(
'resource.store',
$resource->withVerbs('POST')->withDefaults(['action' => 'store'])
);
$router->setRoute(
'resource.delete',
$resource->withVerbs('DELETE')->withDefaults(['action' => 'delete'])
);
}
}
Such approach allows you to use same route-set for multiple resource controllers.
The router can generate Uri based on any given route and its parameters.
$router->setRoute(
'home',
new Route('/home/<action>', new Controller(HomeController::class))
);
Use method uri
of RouterInterface
to generate URL:
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
// ...
public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
$uri = $router->uri('home', ['action' => 'index']);
dump((string)$uri); // /home/index
}
Additional parameters will be mounted as query string:
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
// ...
public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
$uri = $router->uri('home', [
'action' => 'index',
'page' => 123
]);
dump((string)$uri); // /home/index?page=123
}
The uri
method will return an instance of Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface
:
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
// ...
public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
$uri = $router->uri('home', [
'action' => 'index',
'page' => 123
]);
dump((string)$uri->withFragment('hello')); // /home/index?page=123#hello
}
Note, all of the parameters passed into URL pattern will be slugified:
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
// ...
public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
$uri = $router->uri('home', [
'action' => 'hello World',
]);
dump((string)$uri); // /home/hello-world
}
You can use
@route(name, params)
directive in stempler views.