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HTTP - Routing

Routes definition
Route configurator
Middleware
Route group configurator
Creating new routes via Spiral\Router\RouterInterface
- Default Configuration
Configuration
Closure Handler
Route Pattern and Parameters
Multiple Routes
Default Route
Route Targets (Controllers and Actions)
RESTful
- Sharing target across routes
Url Generation
Events

The framework Web Bundle includes a pre-configured router component.

This component can be installed in alternative builds as needed.

composer require spiral/router

To use the router component, you will need to activate its Bootloader.

php
[
    //...
    \Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RouterBootloader::class,
]

Routes definition

Spiral Framework offers a convenient and organized way for developers to define their application's routes using the defineRoutes method of the App\Application\Bootloader\RoutesBootloader class. This method provides a Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator instance as its first argument, which offers a range of methods for defining and configuring routes. With the RoutingConfigurator, developers can easily apply various settings such as middleware, prefixes, and HTTP methods to their routes. Overall, the RoutingConfigurator class is a powerful tool for defining and configuring routes in Spiral Framework applications.

Warning
App\Application\Bootloader\RoutesBootloader should be in the LOAD section of the bootloaders list.

Via RoutesBootloader

The RoutingConfigurator allows you to create and automatically register routes.

php
namespace App\Application\Bootloader;

use Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RoutesBootloader as BaseRoutesBootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator;

final class RoutesBootloader extends BaseRoutesBootloader
{
    // ...
 
    protected function defineRoutes(RoutingConfigurator $routes): void
    {
        $routes->add(name: 'news.show', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
            ->group('web')
            ->methods(methods: ['GET'])
            ->action(NewsController::class, 'show');
            
        ...
    }
}

Import routes from files

The RoutingConfigurator has a handy feature that lets you import routes from specific files.

Here's an example of how to do that:

php
use Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator;

namespace App\Application\Bootloader;

use Spiral\Boot\DirectoriesInterface;
use Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RoutesBootloader as BaseRoutesBootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator;

final class RoutesBootloader extends BaseRoutesBootloader
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly DirectoriesInterface $dirs
    ) {
    }
    
    // ...

    protected function defineRoutes(RoutingConfigurator $routes): void
    {
        $routes->import($this->dirs->get('app') . '/routes/web.php')
            ->group('web');
            
        $routes->import($this->dirs->get('app') . '/routes/api.php')
            ->prefix('/api');
            ->group('api');
    }
}

Open the web.php file, use the add method to add a new route.

php
// app/routes/web.php

use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator;

return function (RoutingConfigurator $routes): void {
    $routes->add(name: 'news.show', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
        ->methods(methods: ['GET'])
        ->action(NewsController::class, 'show');
};

Annotated routes

If you're interested in defining routing using attributes or annotations, be sure to check out this resource for more information.

Route configurator

Default route parameters

php
$routes
    ->add(name: 'html', pattern: '/<action>.html')
    ->controller(HomeController::class)
    ->defaults(['action' => 'default']);

Custom domain core

php
$core = new \Spiral\Core\InterceptableCore(...);
$core->addInterceptor(...);

$routes
    ->add(name: 'html', pattern: '/<action>.html')
    ->core($core)
    ->...;

Grouping routes

php
$routes->add(name: 'news', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
    ->action(NewsController::class, 'show')
    ->group('auth');
    ->methods('GET');

Prefixing routes

php
$routes->add(name: 'news', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
    ->action(NewsController::class, 'show')
    ->prefix('/api')
    ->methods('GET');

HTTP methods (verbs)

php
$routes->add(name: 'html', pattern: '/<action>.html')
    ->controller(HomeController::class)
    ->methods('GET');

// or

$routes->add(name: 'news', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
    ->action(NewsController::class, 'showOrUpdate')
    ->methods(['GET', 'POST']);

Fallback route

php
$routes->default('/[<controller>[/<action>]]')
    ->namespaced('App\\Api\\Web\\Controller')
    ->defaults([
        'controller' => 'home',
        'action' => 'index',
    ]);

Add middleware

php
$routes->add(name: 'news', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
    ->action(NewsController::class, 'show')
    ->middleware(LocaleSelector::class);

Middleware

You can configure middleware in the RoutesBootloader:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Middleware\LocaleSelector;
use Spiral\Auth\Middleware\AuthTransportMiddleware;
use Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RoutesBootloader as BaseRoutesBootloader;
use Spiral\Cookies\Middleware\CookiesMiddleware;
use Spiral\Core\Container\Autowire;
use Spiral\Csrf\Middleware\CsrfMiddleware;
use Spiral\Debug\StateCollector\HttpCollector;
use Spiral\Http\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware;
use Spiral\Http\Middleware\JsonPayloadMiddleware;
use Spiral\Session\Middleware\SessionMiddleware;

final class RoutesBootloader extends BaseRoutesBootloader
{
    protected function globalMiddleware(): array
    {
        return [
            LocaleSelector::class,
            ErrorHandlerMiddleware::class,
            JsonPayloadMiddleware::class,
            HttpCollector::class,
        ];
    }

    protected function middlewareGroups(): array
    {
        return [
            'web' => [
                CookiesMiddleware::class,
                SessionMiddleware::class,
                CsrfMiddleware::class,
                // new Autowire(AuthTransportMiddleware::class, ['transportName' => 'cookie'])
            ],
            'api' => [
                // new Autowire(AuthTransportMiddleware::class, ['transportName' => 'header'])
            ],
        ];
    }
    
    // ...
}

Globally configured middleware will be applied to all routes in your application. However, middleware that's grouped will only be applied to routes within the corresponding group. These groups are registered in the app's container as pipelines with the name middleware:{group}, so you can use them on any routes.

An example of grouped middleware registration in the container might look like this:

php
$container->bind(
    'middleware:web',
    static function (\Spiral\Router\PipelineFactory $factory): Pipeline {
        return $factory->createWithMiddleware([
            CookiesMiddleware::class,
            SessionMiddleware::class,
            CsrfMiddleware::class,
        ]);
    }
);

An example of how to register grouped middleware:

php
$routes->add(name: 'news', pattern: '/news/<id:int>')
    ->action(NewsController::class, 'show')
    ->middleware(['middleware:web', MyMiddleware::class]);

Route group configurator

Spiral Framework allows developers to easily configure route groups. You can easily organize your application's routes into logical groups and apply middleware, prefixes, and other settings to all routes within a group with just a few lines of code. This makes it easy to maintain and scale your application, and can save you a lot of time and effort when working with large, complex projects.

You can set up route groups via App\Application\Bootloader\RoutesBootloader. This bootloader contains the configureRouteGroups method, which contains the Spiral\Router\GroupRegistry in the parameters.

Here is a simple example of how to set up a route group:

php
use Spiral\Router\Loader\Configurator\RoutingConfigurator;

namespace App\Application\Bootloader;

use Spiral\Router\GroupRegistry;
use Spiral\Bootloader\Http\RoutesBootloader as BaseRoutesBootloader;

final class RoutesBootloader extends BaseRoutesBootloader
{
    // ...

    protected function configureRouteGroups(GroupRegistry $groups): void
    {
        $groups->getGroup('api')
            ->setNamePrefix('api.')
            ->setPrefix('/api');
            
        $groups->getGroup('web')
            ->addMiddleware(MyMiddelware::class);
            ->setPrefix('/api');
    }
}

You can also set a default group for all routes:

php
$groups->setDefaultGroup('api');

Creating new routes via `Spiral\Router\RouterInterface`

Default Configuration

The default web application bundle allows you to call any controller action located in App\Controllernamespace using /<controller>/<action> pattern. See below how to alter this behavior.

Note
Your controllers must have a Controller suffix.

Configuration

The component does not require any external configuration. You can create new routing via Spiral\Router\RouterInterface in your Bootloader. We can start with a simple / handler:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute(
            'home',                    // route name 
            new Route(
                '/',                   // pattern
                fn () => 'hello world' // handler
            )
        );
    }
}

Note
The Route class can accept a handler of type Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface, closure, invokable class, or Spiral\Router\TargetInterface. Simply pass a class or a binding name instead of a real object if you want it to be constructed on demand.

Closure Handler

It is possible to pass the closure as a route handler. In this case our function will receive two arguments: Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface and Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface.

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/<name>',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): ResponseInterface {
        $response->getBody()->write('hello world');

        return $response;
    }
));

Route Pattern and Parameters

You can use a route pattern to specify any number of required and optional parameters. These parameters will later be passed to the route handler via the ServerRequestInterface attribute matches.

Note
Use attribute:matches.id in Request Filters to access these values.

Use the <parameter_name:pattern> form to define a route parameter, where the pattern is a regexp friendly expression. You can omit the pattern and just use <parameter_name>, in this case, the parameter will match [^\/]+.

We can add a simple parameter name:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute('home', new Route(
            '/<name>',
            function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
                return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches(); // returns JSON ['name' => '']
            }
        ));
    }
}

Use [] to make a part of route (including the parameters) optional, for example:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/[<name>]',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

Note
This route will match /, the name parameter will be null.

You can specify any number of parameters and make some of them optional. For example we can match URLs like /group/user, where user is optional:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/<group>[/<user>]',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

You can specify default parameter value using the third route argument:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/<group>[/<user>]',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    },
    [
        'user' => 'default'
    ]
));

Use <parameter:pattern> to specify a parameter pattern:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/user/<id:\d+>',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

Note
This route will only match URLs with numeric id but it doesn't mean that the route attribute id will contain integer value. In this case, the attribute will always contain a string value.

Route parameters casting

Integer values casting

If you want to use typed route parameters injection in controllers such as function user(int $id), you need to cast values by yourself. You can use domain interceptors for it.

You can see an example of a simple interceptor below:

php
class StringToIntParametersInterceptor implements CoreInterceptorInterface
{
    public function process(string $controller, string $action, array $parameters, CoreInterface $core): mixed
    {
        foreach ($parameters as $key => $parameter) {
            if (ctype_digit($parameter)) {
                $parameters[$key] = (int)$parameter;
            }
        }

        return $core->callAction($controller, $action, $parameters);
    }
}

Value objects casting

You can use the same approach to cast values to value objects.

For example, if controller action expects Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid object

php
use Ramsey\Uuid\UuidInterface;

class UserController 
{
    public function user(UuidInterface $uuid): User
    {
        // ...
    }
}

You can automatically cast string values to Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid objects using the following interceptor:

php
use Spiral\Core\CoreInterceptorInterface;
use Spiral\Core\CoreInterface;
use Ramsey\Uuid\UuidInterface;
use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;

final class UuidParametersConverterInterceptor implements CoreInterceptorInterface
{
    public function process(string $controller, string $action, array $parameters, CoreInterface $core): mixed
    {
        $refMethod = new \ReflectionMethod($controller, $action);

        // Iterate all Controller action arguments
        foreach ($refMethod->getParameters() as $parameter) {
            // If an arguments has Ramsey\Uuid\UuidInterface type hint.
            if ($parameter->getType()->getName() === UuidInterface::class) {
                // Replace argument value with Uuid instance.
                $parameters[$parameter->getName()] = Uuid::fromString($parameters[$parameter->getName()]);
            }
        }

        return $core->callAction($controller, $action, $parameters);
    }
}

Note
Read more about using interceptors here.

Route pre-defined options

You can also specify multiple pre-defined options:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '/do/<action:login|logout>',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

Note
This route will only match /do/login and /do/logout.

Match Host

To match the domain or sub-domain name, prefix your pattern with //:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '//<host>/',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

To match a sub-domain:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '//<sub>.domain.com/',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

You can combine host and path matching:

php
$router->setRoute('home', new Route(
    '//<sub>.domain.com/[<action>]',
    function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
        return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
    }
));

Immutability

All route objects are immutable by design, you can not change their state after creation, but only make a copy with new values. To set default route parameters outside the constructor:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $route = new Route('/[<action>]', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        });

        $router->setRoute('home', $route->withDefaults([
            'action' => 'default'
        ]));
    }
}

Verbs

Use withVerbs method to match routes with only certain HTTP verbs:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $route = new Route('/[<action>]', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        });

        $router->setRoute('get.route',
            $route->withVerbs('GET')->withDefaults(['action' => 'GET'])
        );

        $router->setRoute(
            'post.route',
            $route->withVerbs('POST', 'PUT')->withDefaults(['action' => 'POST'])
        );
    }
}

Middleware

To associate route-specific middleware, use withMiddleware. You can access route parameters via route attribute of the request object:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Middleware\ParamWatcher;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $route = new Route('/<param>', function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        });

        $router->setRoute('home', $route->withMiddleware(
            ParamWatcher::class
        ));
    }
}

where ParamWatcher is:

php
namespace App\Middleware;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface as Request;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Spiral\Http\Exception\ClientException\UnauthorizedException;
use Spiral\Router\RouteInterface;

class ParamWatcher implements MiddlewareInterface
{
    public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
    {
        /** @var RouteInterface $route */
        $route = $request->getAttribute('route');

        if ($route->getMatches()['param'] === 'forbidden') {
           throw new UnauthorizedException();
        }

        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}

This route will trigger an Unauthorized exception on /forbidden.

Note
You can add as many middlewares as you want.

Multiple Routes

The router will match all routes in the order they were registered. Make sure to avoid situations where the previous route matches the conditions of the following routes.

php
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/<param>',
        function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        }
    )
);

// this route will never trigger
$router->setRoute(
    'hello',
    new Route('/hello',
        function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        }
    )
);

Default Route

Spiral Router enables you to specify the default/fallback route. This route will always be invoked after every other route and check for matching to its pattern.

E.g., there's no need to define the route for every controller and action if you set up your default routing in the following way:

php
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/<param>',
        function (ServerRequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response): array {
            return $request->getAttribute('route')->getMatches();
        }
    )
);

$router->setDefault(new Route('/', fn (): string => 'default'));

See below how to use the default route to scaffold application paths quickly.

Route Targets (Controllers and Actions)

The most effective way to use the router is to target routes to the controllers and their actions. To demonstrate all the capabilities, we will need multiple controllers in App\Controller namespace:

php
namespace App\Controller;

class HomeController
{
    public function index(): string
    {
        return 'index';
    }

    public function other(): string
    {
        return 'other';
    }

    public function user(int $id): string
    {
        return "hello {$id}";
    }
}

Create a second controller using scaffolding php ./app.php create:controller demo -a test:

php
namespace App\Controller;

class DemoController
{
    public function test(): string
    {
        return 'demo test';
    }
}

Route to Action

To point your route to the controller action, specify the route handler as Spiral\Router\Target\Action:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Action;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute(
            'index',
            new Route('/index', new Action(HomeController::class, 'index'))
        );
    }
}

You can combine this target with the required or optional parameter. The parameter will be available as method injection to the desired target:

php
$router->setRoute(
    'user',
    new Route('/user/<id:\d+>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'user'))
);

Wildcard Actions

We can point a route to more than one controller action at the same time. To do that we have to define the parameter <action> in our route pattern. Since one of the methods requires <id> parameter, we can make it optional:

php
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/<action>[/<id>]', new Action(HomeController::class, ['index', 'user']))
);

Note
This route will match both /index and /user/1 paths.

Under the hood, the route will be compiled into an expression that is aware of action constrains /^(?P<action>index|user)(?:\/(?P<id>[^\/]+))?$/iu. Such an approach would not only allow you to increase the performance but also reuse the same pattern with different action sets.

php
// match "/index"
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/<action>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'index'))
);

// match "/other"
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/<action>', new Action(HomeController::class, 'other'))
);

// match "/test"
$router->setRoute(
    'demo',
    new Route('/<action>', new Action(DemoController::class, 'test'))
);

Route to Controller

You can point your route to all of the controller actions at once using Spiral\Router\Target\Controller. This target requires <action> parameter to be defined (unless the default value is forced).

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Controller;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute(
            'home',
            new Route('/home/<action>[/<id>]', new Controller(HomeController::class))
        );
    }
}

Note
The route matches /home/index, /home/other and /home/user/1.

Combine this target with defaults to make your URLs shorter.

php
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    (new Route('/home[/<action>[/<id>]]', new Controller(HomeController::class)))
        ->withDefaults(['action' => 'index'])
);

Note
This route will match /home with action=index. Note that you must extend optional path segments [] till the end of the route pattern.

Route to Namespace

In some cases, you might want to route to the set of controllers located in the same namespace. Use target Spiral\Router\Target\Namespaced for these purposes. This target will require route parameters <controller> and <action> (unless the default is forced).

You can specify a target namespace and a controller class postfix:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Namespaced;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute('app', new Route(
            '/<controller>/<action>',
            new Namespaced('App\Controller', 'Controller')
        ));
    }
}

Note
This route will match /home/index, /home/other and /demo/test.

You can make all the parameters optional and set the default values:

php
$router->setRoute('app',
    (new Route(
        '[/<controller>[/<action>]]',
        new Namespaced('App\Controller', 'Controller')
    ))->withDefaults([
        'controller' => 'home',
        'action'     => 'index'
    ])
);

Note
This route will match / (home->index), /home (home->index), /home/index, /home/other and /demo/test. The /demo will trigger not-found error as DemoController does not define method index.

The default web-application bundle sets this route as default. You don't need to create a route for any of the controllers added to App\Controller, simply use /controller/action URLs to access the required method. If no action is specified, the index will be used by default. The routing will point to the public methods only.

Note
You can turn the default route off once the development is over.

Route to Controller Group

The alternative is to specify controller names manually without a common namespace. Use target Spiral\Router\Target\Group. Target requires <controller> and <action> parameters to be defined (unless the default is forced).

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Controller\DemoController;
use App\Controller\HomeController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Group;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $router->setRoute('app', new Route('/<controller>/<action>', new Group([
            'home' => HomeController::class,
            'demo' => DemoController::class
        ])));
    }
}

Note
Such an approach is useful when you want to assemble multiple modules under one path (i.e., admin panels).

RESTful

All of the route targets listed above support the third argument, which specifies the method selection behavior. Set this parameter as AbstractTarget::RESTFUL to automatically prefix all the methods with HTTP verb.

For example, we can use the following controller:

php
namespace App\Controller;

class UserController
{
    public function getUser($id): string
    {
        return "get {$id}";
    }

    public function postUser($id): string
    {
        return "post {$id}";
    }

    public function deleteUser($id): string
    {
        return "delete {$id}";
    }
}

And route to it:

php
$router->setRoute('user', new Route(
    '/user/<id:\d+>',
    new Controller(UserController::class, Controller::RESTFUL),
    ['action' => 'user']
));

Note
Invoking /user/1 with different HTTP methods will call different controller methods. Note that you still need to specify the action name.

Sharing target across routes

Another way to define RESTful or similar routing to multiple controllers is to share a common target with different routes. Such an approach will allow you to define your controller style.

For example, we can route different HTTP verbs to the following controller(s):

php
namespace App\Controller;

class UserController
{
    public function load($id): string
    {
        return "get {$id}";
    }

    public function store($id): string
    {
        return "post {$id}";
    }

    public function delete($id): string
    {
        return "delete {$id}";
    }
}

Let's create an API that will look like GET|POST|DELETE /v1/<controller> and point to the corresponding controller(s) methods.

Our base route will look like this:

php
$resource = new Route('/v1/<controller>', new Group([
    'user' => UserController::class,
]));

We can register it with different HTTP verbs and action values:

php
namespace App\Bootloader;

use App\Controller\UserController;
use Spiral\Boot\Bootloader\Bootloader;
use Spiral\Router\Route;
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;
use Spiral\Router\Target\Group;

class RoutesBootloader extends Bootloader
{
    public function boot(RouterInterface $router): void
    {
        $resource = new Route('/v1/<controller>/<id>', new Group([
            'user' => UserController::class,
        ]));

        $router->setRoute(
            'resource.get',
            $resource->withVerbs('GET')->withDefaults(['action' => 'load'])
        );

        $router->setRoute(
            'resource.store',
            $resource->withVerbs('POST')->withDefaults(['action' => 'store'])
        );

        $router->setRoute(
            'resource.delete',
            $resource->withVerbs('DELETE')->withDefaults(['action' => 'delete'])
        );
    }
}

Such an approach allows you to use the same route-set for multiple resource controllers.

Url Generation

The router can generate Uri based on any given route and its parameters.

php
$router->setRoute(
    'home',
    new Route('/home/<action>', new Controller(HomeController::class))
);

Use method uri of RouterInterface to generate a URL:

php
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

// ...

public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
    $uri = $router->uri('home', ['action' => 'index']);

    dump((string)$uri); // /home/index
}

Additional parameters will mount as a query string:

php
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

// ...

public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
    $uri = $router->uri('home', [
        'action' => 'index',
        'page'   => 123
    ]);

    dump((string)$uri); // /home/index?page=123
}

The uri method will return the instance Psr\Http\Message\UriInterface:

php
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

// ...

public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
    $uri = $router->uri('home', [
        'action' => 'index',
        'page'   => 123
    ]);

    dump((string)$uri->withFragment('hello')); // /home/index?page=123#hello
}

Note that all of the parameters passed into the URL pattern will be slugified:

php
use Spiral\Router\RouterInterface;

// ...

public function index(RouterInterface $router)
{
    $uri = $router->uri('home', [
        'action' => 'hello World',
    ]);

    dump((string)$uri); // /home/hello-world
}

Note
You can use @route(name, params) directive in Stempler views.

Events

Event	Description
Spiral\Router\Event\Routing	The Event will be fired `before` matching the route.
Spiral\Router\Event\RouteMatched	The Event will be fired when the route is successfully matched.
Spiral\Router\Event\RouteNotFound	The Event will be fired when the route is not found.

Note
To learn more about dispatching events, see the Events section in our documentation.

← PREVIOUS Request and Response

NEXT → Annotated Routes

HTTP - Routing

#Routes definition

#Via RoutesBootloader

#Import routes from files

#Annotated routes

#Route configurator

#Default route parameters

#Custom domain core

#Grouping routes

#Prefixing routes

#HTTP methods (verbs)

#Fallback route

#Add middleware

#Middleware

#Route group configurator

#Creating new routes via Spiral\Router\RouterInterface

#Default Configuration

#Configuration

#Closure Handler

#Route Pattern and Parameters

#Route parameters casting

#Integer values casting

#Value objects casting

#Route pre-defined options

#Match Host

#Immutability

#Verbs

#Middleware

#Multiple Routes

#Default Route

#Route Targets (Controllers and Actions)

#Route to Action

#Wildcard Actions

#Route to Controller

#Route to Namespace

#Route to Controller Group

#RESTful

#Sharing target across routes

#Url Generation

#Events

Routes definition

Via RoutesBootloader

Import routes from files

Annotated routes

Route configurator

Default route parameters

Custom domain core

Grouping routes

Prefixing routes

HTTP methods (verbs)

Fallback route

Add middleware

Middleware

Route group configurator

Creating new routes via `Spiral\Router\RouterInterface`

Default Configuration

Configuration

Closure Handler

Route Pattern and Parameters

Route parameters casting

Integer values casting

Value objects casting

Route pre-defined options

Match Host

Immutability

Verbs

Middleware

Multiple Routes

Default Route

Route Targets (Controllers and Actions)

Route to Action

Wildcard Actions

Route to Controller

Route to Namespace

Route to Controller Group

RESTful

Sharing target across routes

Url Generation

Events